Friday 8 May 2015

What a Friend We Have in Jizōs 7



The second story is that of Yoritomo’s cousin, Yoshinaka. Both men resolved not to fight each other, but Yoshinaka, shamed by having to accept Yoritomo as the Minamoto clan leader, the loss of his father’s domain, and the sending of his 10-year old son to Kamakura as a hostage, resolved to beat Yoritomo to Kyoto, defeat the Taira on his own, and take control of the Minamoto for himself. When Yoritomo found out, he killed the boy.
Yoshinaka, meanwhile, having taken Kyoto, paraded the heads of the defeated Taira in the streets of the capital. Decapitation was copied from early Chinese warfare, where a soldier was rewarded with promotion by a single rank for taking the head of a worthy enemy in battle. The expression shuky o ageru, ‘take a head and raise a rank,’ derived from that bounty system. An enemy’s head was proof of a samurai’s duty done. After a battle, heads were washed thoroughly, hair combed and teeth blackened, set on a small wooden holder, labeled with the victim’s and killer’s names, and presented to the daimyô, who enjoyed a relaxing head-viewing ceremony to celebrate his victory. If there was no time, a hasty commemorative ritual could be arranged over leaves, to soak up the blood. 
In 1184, Yoritomo, ordered his brothers to destroy Yoshinaka. With night coming and an army of enemy soldiers chasing him outside Kyoto, Yoshinaka attempted to find an isolated spot to commit seppuku. However, his horse became trapped in a field of partly frozen mud and his cousins were able to approach nd kill him.
The main character of the third section of The Tale was half-brother Yoshitsune, one of the most famous samurai in the history of Japan. Yoshitsune was only 15 when he defeated the notorious bandit leader Kumasaka Chohan, in 1174. A skilled swordsman, he defeated the legendary warrior monk Benkei in a duel on the Gojo bridge in Kyoto. Benkei became his loyal follower, a Friar Tuck to his Robin Hood.  

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